![]() ![]() High-level programming languages such as ALGOL-68, FORTRAN-II TO IV, BASIC, COBOL, PASCAL PL/1 were used.As compared to second-generation computers, 3rd generation computers were cheaper in price, smaller in size, less heavy in weight, faster in speed and more efficient.Instead of using individual transistors, the computers made in the third generation used integrated circuits technology.Characteristics of Third Generation ComputersĪs third generation computers were made by using an integrated circuit that led to various features, which are as follows: ![]() Other examples of third-generation computers are PDP, Honeywell-6000 and DEC series. ![]() During this generation, high-level programming languages such as ALGOL-68, FORTRAN-II TO IV, BASIC, COBOL, PASCAL PL/1, and more were used. Moreover, the multiprogramming operating system, time-sharing and remote processing were used in the third generation of computers. The idea of placing an entire processor on a single silicon chip was not until the fourth generation. It was looked like the below image when it was introduced.Īt the time of the third generation of computers, multiple integrated circuits were needed to construct the central processor. The below image is an instance of an IBM System/360. An estimate by IBM was that the Model 91 would be capable of solving over 1,000 problems as well as around 200 billion calculations. At a price in today's dollars of $4,140,257, this model of IBM could execute 500,000 additions per second. The IBM System/360 Model 50 was capable of about 263 times as fast as in the comparison of the ENIAC. Over a family of devices, it proposed a single computer architecture that was not an innovative perspective to computer design. Especially, this machine was designed by IBM to manage high-speed data processing for scientific uses like global weather forecasting, theoretical astronomy, space exploration and subatomic physics. The developing cost of this machine was approximately $5 billion, which was spent by IBM. Some say the third generation of computers was introduced by this machine, IBM System/360 introduced in 1966. They consumed lesser electricity still costly, and were needed air condition.Īrguably the most important machine of the third generation was the IBM-360 series, which was more powerful, fastest in use at that time. Also, comparing to the previous two generations of computers, the computers made in the third generation used integrated circuit came with features such as faster speed, reliability, generated less heat, lesser maintenance. The integrated circuit looks like as shown in the below image:Īs compared to first and second generations of computers, the technology used in the 3rd generation computers made them more reliable, efficient and smaller in size. ![]() The landscape of computing had completely changed by the integrated circuit in the 1960s, which is a single that have multiple transistors. The first to develop the idea of the integrated circuit was Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor and Jack Kilby (American electrical engineer) of Texas Instruments in 1959. The integrated circuit used in 3rd generation computers can work as computer memory, microprocessor or even an amplifier. An integrated circuit is a small chip that was the trademark of the computers of third generation. The third generation of computers used integrated circuits instead of transistors technology that was used in computers of second-generation. Next → ← prev Third Generation of Computer ![]()
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